The specific processes behind its emergence and the impact of biological changes on clinical phenotypes remain poorly understood. This condition is known as post-COVID syndrome (PCS). In summary, autoimmunity is characteristic of PCS, and latent autoimmunity correlates with humoral response to SARS-CoV-2.Īlthough the majority of people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recover, some may experience signs and symptoms persisting or appearing after the acute illness. IgG anti-IFN-λ antibodies were associated with the persistence of respiratory symptoms. There was no effect of gender on the over- or under-expression of autoantibodies. Few autoantibodies were influenced by age and BMI. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were found in > 85% of patients and were positively correlated with autoantibodies, age, and body mass index (BMI). Other IgG autoantibodies, such as anti-interferons, were positive in 5–10% of patients. IgG antibodies against IL-2, CD8B, and thyroglobulin were found in more than 10% of the patients. Three patients developed an overt autoimmune disease. Latent autoimmunity and polyautoimmunity were found in 83% and 62% of patients, respectively. The median post-COVID time was 219 (IQR: 143 to 258) days. The median age of patients was 49 years (IQR: 37.8 to 55.3). Thirty pre-pandemic healthy individuals were included as a control group. Serum antibody profiles against self-antigens and infectious agents were evaluated by an antigen array chip for 116 IgG and 104 IgM antibodies. In order to further investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and autoimmunity in PCS, a clinical and serological assessment on 100 patients was done. Autoimmunity has emerged as a characteristic of the post-COVID syndrome (PCS), which may be related to sex.
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